论国家、宗族与乡绅的关系——以抗战时期闽中学田案为考察对象

On the Relationship Among Nation,Clan and Rural Gentry——Elaboration on“Xuetian”Case in Central Fujian in Anti-Japanese War Period

抗战爆发后福建省府内迁,为了解决粮食紧张、财政困难,进行学田改革,引起了宗族内部新旧士绅之间、政府与宗族之间激烈的地权之争。在这一过程中,旧士绅的土地占有权被剥夺,新士绅不断侵占土地,政府对土地资源的控制加强,由此引起的乡村权力结构也发生了变化。

After the outbreak of anti-Japanese war,Fujian provincial government moved inland and launched land reform movement in order to solve problems of insuffi-cient grain supply and fiscal difficulties,which sparked fierce land-ownership struggle between new and old gentry within the same clan,between the government and the clans.In that process,old gentrys land-ownership was deprived while new gentry inces-santly encroached on new lands and the government tightened control over land re-sources,which led to the change of power structure in rural area.