汉语亲属词概念结构再探

Further Exploration of the Conceptual Structure of Chinese Kinship Words

本文运用自然分类和配对语义决定的方法,对汉语亲属词的概念结构作了进一步探讨。实验一表明,汉语亲属词概念的语义空间有两个维度:1)亲属的亲密程度;2)姻亲/非姻亲。实验二表明,辈分和对象性别对汉语亲属词的语义组织也有一定影响。当词对由异辈-同性别的亲属词组成时,判断它们是亲属的反应时长,错误率也高。整个研究表明,亲属词的概念组织既受亲属词自身特征影响,也受知识、经验、文化因素影响。

Using the methods of natural classifying and matched-words semantic decision, the pa- per further probed into the conceptual structure of Chinese kinship words. The results of Experiment 1 showed that there were two dimensions in the semantic space of conceptual structure of Chinese kin- ship words. 1)the intimate level of relatives; 2)relation by marriage/relation not by marriage. The re- sults of Experiment 2 showed that seniority in the family or clan and sexes of relatives had partial effects on the semantic organization of Chinese kinship words. When the word pairs were composed of the kinship words which had the same sex but different seniority in the family or clan, the reaction time was longer and the error rate was higher than other group word pairs. The whole study indicated that the organization of kinship words were affected both the by feature of kinship words and the knowledge, experience and culture.