黄淮海平原高产田作物群体结构特征

Colony structural characteristics of crops on high-yield fields in Huanghuaihai plain.

本文利用实测资料分析了高产田作物群体结构特征。精播高产栽培麦田春季最大蘖数12×10~6/ha,群体最大叶面积指数5.5—6.0,成穗4.5—5.25×10~6/ha。传统高产栽培麦田春季最大蘖数15—18×10~6/ha,群体最大叶面积指数6.0—6.5,成穗6.0—7.5×10~6/ha。小麦营养生长与生殖生长期叶日积比,精播高产栽培麦田是1∶0.89,传统高产栽培麦田为1∶0.73。夏玉米种植密度主要受叶倾角的影响。紧凑型玉米品种的叶倾角大于65°,种植密度7.5—8.25×10~4/ha;平展型玉米品种的叶倾角小于50°,种植密度5.25—6.0×10~4/ha。

Colony structural characteristics of crops on high-yield fields are analysed in this paper. For wheat with intensive farming, the maximum tillering number is 12×10~6/ha, maximum LAI is 5.5—6.0 and ear number is 4.5—5.25×10~6/ha, but for that with traditional farming, they are respectively 15—18×10~6/ha, 6.0—6.5 and 6.0—7.5×10~6/ha. The LAD ratio of vegetative to reproductive growth is 1:0.89 on high-yield field with intensive farming, and 1:0.73 with traditional one. The planted density of summer corn is mainly decided by its leaf inclination. The arreet type of corn has an inclination of larger than 65°, and its planting density is 7.5—8.25×10~4/ha. That of lanceolate type is less than 50°, whose planting density is 5.25—6.0×10~4/ha.