汉字应用水平测试用字的统计与分级

Scale and Stastics of Chinese Characters Proficiency Testing

本文论述了《汉字应用水平测试字表》的编制过程 ,包括测试字表编制的主要依据、编制原则、编制经过 ,以及测试字表分级的目的、依据、原则、标准和方法。在编制过程我们认识到 :编制《汉字应用水平测试字表》 ,并对汉字进行应用水平分级 ,是我国字表编制史上的首次尝试 ;任何字表字量字种的确定和分级都必须采用定量与定性相结合的综合方法 ;《汉字应用水平测试字表》的编制过程是从字到词 ,再从词到字 ,建立字词对应关系 ;它体现了实际测查与字频数据的结合 ,定量统计与定性分析的结合 ,科学理论与经验知识的结合 ,汉字学、词汇学、统计学与测试学等多学科的结合。

We compile the table that includes main basis, general principles and details, courses, destinations for how to divide scale and way of testing. During the course of compiling we get to know that: 1) This is the first time for us to Compile of the “Test Table of Chinese characters proficiency” and divide the scale for Chinese characters proficiency in the history in our country. It is also a beneficial try for the incorporation of modern philology, Chinese characters teaching and Chinese characters testing. 2) We must have qualitative analysis to determine quantity, variety of table of characters. 3) We construct a kind of relation between characters and words. In general, this table of characters mainly reflects incorporation between practice and data about frequency of characters, quality statistics and qualitative analysis, scientific theory and experienced knowledge, philology, lexicology, statistics and testing and so on. We will gradually experience a long course from piecemeal of quality realization on Chinese characters and applied characters, which include some data about frequency statistics to systematic study.