大剂量补充维生素A对儿童腹泻和呼吸道感染性疾病的影响

IMPACT OF LARGE DOSES OF VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTA- TION ON CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES

172名0.5～2岁维生素A较缺乏地区农村儿童随机分为实验组(n=98)和对照组(n=74)。实验组儿童在实验初及随后的第6个月给予含20万IU的维生素A和40IU维生素E胶囊,对照组儿童同时给予空白胶囊。经过12个月的随访调查,结果表明:实验组儿童腹泻和呼吸道感染的发病率较对照组明显下降(P<0.01),且其严重程度较轻,对照组儿童发生腹泻和呼吸道感染的相对危险性分别是实验组的2.3和3.4倍。在第一次补充后第8周的测定结果表明:实验组儿童血清维生素A比对照组水平明显提高(P<0.05),维生素A低下检出率下降57％。

One hundred and seventy-two 0.5-2 years old children were randomly assigned to either participate in a vitamin A supplementation group (n = 98) or serve as control(n = 74) for 1 year. Capsules containing 200,000 IU vitamin A and 40 IU vitamin E were given to the experimental group by Institute staff 3 months after baseline examination and again 6 months later. During the 12 months study period, there was significant reduction in the incidence of diarrhea and respiratory diseases in the children of the experimental group as compared to the control. The risk of diarrhea and respiratory diseases were 2.3 and 3.4 times higher respectively in the control group. 8 weeks after first supplementation serum vitamin A level of the experimental group was higher than that of control group, and the percentage of children whose serum vitamin A was below 0.7μmol/L decreased 57% in the experimental group as compared to that of control.