婴幼儿血铅水平及其影响因素

A study on blood lead levels and affecting factors for lead poisoning of infants

目的 了解婴幼儿的血铅水平及其影响因素。 方法 用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定2 6 2例婴幼儿末梢血铅浓度 ,并进行铅中毒影响因素的调查。 结果 婴幼儿血铅算术平均值为0 .4 3μmol/L,范围为 0 .10～ 1.4 5 μmol/L,铅中毒发生率为 37.0 2 % (97/2 6 2 )。不同性别、不同年龄婴幼儿血铅水平及铅中毒发生率差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,各年龄婴幼儿血铅等级分布以 I级最高 ,婴幼儿铅中毒属 II～ III级。饭前不洗手、经常在马路边玩耍、经常看彩色书刊后不洗手、父母职业、住房为 1990年以后建造的是影响婴幼儿血铅水平的因素。 结论 婴幼儿已受到不同程度的铅损伤 。

Objective To estimate blood lead levels and to identify affecting factors for lead poisoning in infants. Methods Lead levels of 262 capillary blood from infants were checked with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer and affecting factors for lead poisoning were investigated. Results The mean blood lead levels of the infants was 0 43 μmol/L, and the incidence of lead poisoning was 37 02 %(97/262).The blood lead levels and the incidence of lead poisoning among the infants with different ages and genders were no statistically difference.The highest blood lead grade was Grade Ⅰ among the infants with different ages,and the lead poisoning of the infants was from Grade Ⅱ to Grade Ⅲ.The blood lead levels were higher among the infants who often played near the streets and did not wash their hands before dining or after reading the color books and periodicals,also their parents occupations and their living houses built after in 1900 were the key affecting factors caused higher blood lead levels. Conclusion Infants have been lead poisoning by different degrees,and patients and others should paid more attention to it.