贫困地区老年人压力源及应对方式调查分析

The Sources of Stress and Coping Styles of Poor Elders in Rural Area

目的探讨贫困地区老年人的压力源及应对方式 ,为社区护理人员开展健康干预提供依据。方法采用压力源和应对方式问卷对 6 2名农村贫困地区老年人进行调查。结果主要压力源依次是收入低、机体功能减退或慢性疾病、孤独、丧偶、对死亡的恐惧等。应用最多且有效的应对方式是解决问题 ,其次是退避、合理化 ,应用最少的为自责。结论农村贫困地区老年人通过 1种或 1种以上的应对方式应对压力源 ,首先采用的是积极应对方式 ,其次是消极应对方式。社区护理人员应鼓励贫困地区的老年人多采取积极应对方式。

Objective To explore the sources of stress and coping styles of the poor elders in rural area, and encourage them to choose positive coping styles to buffer stress. Methods Sixty-two elders were investigated using two questionnaires including the sources of stress and coping styles. Results The main sources of stress of poor elders in order of priority were low income, physical dysfunction, isolation, the death of spouse, facing death, and fear. The most frequently and effectively used coping style was to solve problem, followed by withdrawn, and rationalization. The least used coping style was self-accusation. Conclusion The poor rural elders chose one and more coping styles to buffer stress. The positive coping styles were used most frequently, followed by negative coping styles. The community-based nurses should pay much attention to the sources of stress of poor rural elders, and put effort to solve their problems through encouraging positive coping styles.