长春地区儿童急性呼吸道感染的病原趋势

Etiology of acute respiratory tract infections in children in Changchun

目的:探讨北方地区小儿急性呼吸道感染(ARIs)病原构成特点,为临床诊断及治疗提供依据。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法,对574例ARIs患儿进行了肺炎支原体(Mp)、沙眼衣原体(CT)、肺炎支原体(CP)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(Adv)、流感病毒A型(Inf-A)、副流感病毒(PIV)等7种病原同步进行急性期血清特异性抗体IgM检测,同时设立健康对照组。结果:574例患儿共334例检出特异性IgM抗体,阳性率58.2%。按检出频率的高低依次为Mp28.9%(166/574),RSV13.6%(78/574),CP5.9%(34/574),CT4.4%(25/574),Adv3.3%(19/574),Inf-A1.2%(7/574),PIV0.9%(5/574),分别占阳性例数的49.7%(166/334)、23.3%(78/334)、10.2%(34/334)、7.5%(25/334)、5.7%(19/334)、2.1%(7/334)和1.5%(5/334);病原分布具有年龄差别。健康对照组仅检出1例MP-IgM阳性(1.7%)。结论:Mp、RSV及CT为小儿ARI的常见病原。Mp感染率逐渐增高,发病年龄有逐渐变小的趋势。

Objective To clarify the etiology of acute respiratory tract infections(ARIs)in children in Changchun.Method To de-tect the pathogen in574patients with ARIs,Enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay(ELISA)was applied for seven different specific IgM of mycoplasma pneumoniae(Mp),chlamydia trachomatis(CT),chlamydia pneumoniae(CP),respiratory syncytialvirus(RSV),aden-ovirus(Adv),infuenzavirus(Inf-A),parainfluenza virus(PIV)from574cases.Results The evidence of specific IgM was obtained in334of 574patients(58.2%),Mp was found in166cases(28.9%),RSV in78cases(13.6%),CP in34cases(5.9%),CT in25cases(4.4%),Adv in19cases(3.3%),followed by Inf-A(7cases,1.2%)and PIV(5cases,0.9%).There was significant difference between<5years of age and≥5years of age,Only1case(1.7%)was detected by ELISA with MP-IgM.Conclusion MP,RSV,CP are the most com-mon agents of ARIs,the role of MP is increasing gradually in childhood ARIs in Changchun.