作为方法的“市场”

Market Mechanism as a Policy Instrument in Education

市场机制在教育中正发挥着巨大的影响作用。其原因何在?市场机制被寄予了何等期待,并在实际中产生了怎样的效果?为回答这样的问题,本论文对其在教育体系的历史性发展过程,和现代社会的教育背景中所产生的作用进行了分析。由此得出了如下的结论,即市场机制的导入,不仅是作为解决政府资金的不足的手段,而且是被作为寻求出对教育的多样化的要求,和尝试多样的革新的政策手段。

Market mechanism is playing increasing roles in education. What are the factors behind it? What are expected from the introduction of market mechanism, and how can it actually contribute to education? This essay tries to answer these questions by reviewing its role in the historical development of educational system and in the current context. It is concluded that market mechanism should not be regarded as a relief of lack in public funds but as an instrument for finding localized needs and encouraging partial trial and errors in education.