辽河超稠油电化学脱水实验研究

Electric-Chemical Deaquation Technique Development for the Extra-Heavy Crude Oil in Liaohe Oilfield

针对目前国内超稠油预处理脱水主要采用的热化学沉降脱水或掺稀释剂脱水工艺的不足和局限,根据辽河超稠油的含水量及原油性质,对超稠油电化学脱水技术进行了开发研究。考察了温度、破乳剂、强弱电场等操作条件对辽河超稠油脱水效果的影响;在外加电场中,利用开发的快速脱水剂与破乳剂协同作用,实现了超稠油的深度脱水。在优化的电化学脱水工艺条件下,当破乳剂用量为140μg/g,脱水剂用量为80μg/g时即可使脱水后原油的含水率达到1.8%,而且经脱水处理后油品的密度有所降低,在50℃时粘度降低幅度达到60%,显著改善了油品的储运性能,有利于超稠油的后续加工利用,同时为辽河超稠油预处理脱水工艺的升级换代提供了一项新技术。

Based on the analysis of the present deaquation processes for the heavy crude oil, a electric-chemical deaquation process was developed for the extra-heavy oil in the Liaohe oilfield. The effects of temperature, the type and dosage of demulsifier and the field stress of high and low electric field on the deaquation efficiency of the extra-heavy oil were determined. In the electric field, the deeply deaquation of the extra-heavy oil was achieved by the synergetic effect of demulsifier and deaquation agent which was developed in this work. With the feasible operation conditions, the treated extra-heavy oil could contain less than 1.80% water when the dosages of demulsifier and deansifier are 140 μg/g and 80 μg/g, respectively. Besides the quick and effective deaquation feature, the electric-chemical deaquation technique could make the extra-heavy oil upgrading partly. For example, viscosity of processed oil sample will reduced 60% under 50 ℃. Therefore, the electric-chemical deaquation technique developed in this work will become a potential substitute technique for the pretreatment deaquation of the extra-heavy oil in Liaohe oilfield.