125例小儿外伤性单纯硬膜外血肿的诊断与治疗

Diagnosis and treatment of 125 cases with isolated traumatic epidural hematoma in children

目的 探讨小儿外伤性单纯硬膜外血肿的诊断及治疗。方法 回顾性分析了 12 5例小儿外伤性单纯硬膜外血肿的临床特征、影像学资料、治疗方法及预后。结果 手术治疗 110例 ,开颅血肿清除 98例 ,锥颅血肿穿刺引流术 12例 ,保守治疗 15例。 118例临床痊愈 ,治愈率 94 .4 %。植物生存 1例 ,死亡 6例 ,死亡率为 4 .8%。结论 小儿外伤性单纯硬膜外血肿确诊主要依靠影像学资料 ,其治疗可采取不同的方法即开颅血肿清除术、锥颅血肿引流术及保守治疗。

Objective To explore both diagnosis and treatment of isolated traumatic epidural hematoma( ITEDH ) in children.Methods The clinical characteristics, image finding, treatment and prognosis of 125 pediatric patients with isolated traumatic epidural hematoma were analyzed retrospectively. Results The operations were performed for 110 cases, of them, 98 cases with ITEDH underwent surgical evacuation of the hematoma after admission; burr hole drainage in 12 patients. The rest patients were treated by conservative therapy .118 cases with ITEDH were cured (94.4%); vegetative state in one; 6 patients died in this group ( mortality 4.8%). Conclusion ITEDHs in children were diagnosed mainly by images of CT and MRI. Based on this data, the three different treatment methods (traumatic epidural hematoma elimination, burr hole drainage, conservative therapy) can be used in ITEDH.