毛囊黑素细胞酪氨酸酶及相关蛋白1和2等分化标记分子的研究

Studies on TYR,TRP1,TRP2 and HMB-45 expressed on the melanocytes in hair follicles

目的:研究毛囊黑素细胞生物学特性,特别是与黑素合成相关酶蛋白和黑素小体结构蛋白在毛囊中的表达及分布情况。方法:取正常人头皮,采用HMB-45和识别酪氨酸酶(TYR)、酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1(TRP1)、酪氨酸酶相关蛋白2(TRP2)等抗体免疫组化染色黑素细胞,研究毛囊中黑素细胞的分布、形态及TYR、TRP1和TRP2等黑素细胞分化标记分子的表达情况。结果:有功能的黑素细胞位于毛漏斗部基底层和生长期毛母质内接近毛乳头处,毛母质黑素细胞树突计数均值为5.1,高于表皮黑素细胞(P<0.01)。毛髓质中黑素细胞与皮质细胞比值约为1∶4.2,而在基底层基底细胞与黑素细胞之比约为1∶9.7。毛球HMB-45,TYR,TRP1和TRP2阳性,阳性颗粒仅局限于毛皮质和毛髓质内。图像分析结果表明:毛球部黑素细胞HMB-45、TYR、TRP1灰度值低于表皮黑素细胞(P<0.05)、毛球部、毛漏斗部及表皮的黑素细胞TRP2灰度比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:毛囊中有活性的黑素细胞主要位于毛球和毛漏斗部,它们均表达黑素细胞分化标记抗原gp100、TYR、TRP1和TRP2。而且毛母质黑素细胞前3种分子表达量高于表皮黑素细胞。

Objective:To investigate biological characters of melanocytes residing in the hair follicles especially the en-zymes related to melanogenesis.Methods:A panel of antibodies recognizing gp100,tyrosinase,tyrosinase related protein1(TRP1)and tyrosinase related protein2(TRP2)were used to stain scalps of healthy persons by immunohistochemical as-says.Results:Melanocytes located at the hair matrix and hair infundibulum.The numbers of melanocyte dendrites per cell were5.1in hair follicles,which is higher than that in epidermis(P<0.01).The ratio of melanocyte to medullary cells was1∶4.2,by contrast,the ratio of melanocyte to keratinocytes was1∶9.7in skin epidermis.Melanocytes located at the hair bulb express HMB-45,TYR,TRP1and TRP2which were restricted to the cortex and medulla.It demonstrated that the melanocytes expressed a higher level of differential antigens(such as HMB-45,TYR and TRP1)in the hair bulb than that in the epidermis(P<0.01).However there were no significant differences in TRP2expression among the hair bulb,infundibula and epidermis(P>0.05).Conclu sions:Active melanocytes in hair follicle locate at the infundibulum and hair bulb and ex-press antigens can be recognized by HMB-45?TYR?TRP1and TRP2monoclonal antibodies.