儿童失语症的病因与转归

Causes and result of aphasia in children

目的 :探讨儿童失语症病因与临床转归的关系。方法 :采用回顾性问卷法对 38例 1612 岁～ 13岁不同病因所致失语症患儿的失语类型、CT、MRI表现及疗效进行分析。结果 :38例失语症患儿脑外伤占 5 5 .2 6 % (2 1/ 38)、其次为脑炎 31.5 7%(12 / 38) ;CT、MRI提示病灶大多位于左侧半球 ;同一类型失语可由不同部位损伤引起 ;同一部位损伤可出现不同类型失语 ;儿童失语症恢复的时间与病因及患病年龄有关 :脑外伤恢复最快、脑炎次之 ;年龄越小 ,恢复可能性越大 ,恢复得也越快。结论 :儿童失语症的言语症状和治疗预后与成人失语症有较大的不同 ,尽早对失语症的病因进行治疗和功能训练对提高失语病儿的言语功能恢复率有重要意义。

Objective:To study the relation between the causes of aphasia in children and its clinical syndrome and result of treatment.Methods:The retrospective questionnaire survey has been conducted on 38 cases of aphasia aging from 1 6/12 to 13 years old with different causes targeting at analyzing the aphasic type,CT and MRI results,and curative effect.Results:CT and MRI show that focus resulting in aphasia mainly exists in left hemisphere of brain.The same kind of aphasia may be caused by the different damaged focus.The damage of the same focus may lead to different kinds of aphasia.On the other hand,the recovery time is closely related to the children′s age when they suffered from aphasia.Fastest recovery is found in those patients caused by cerebral trauma.And the recovery of patients caused by encephalitis ranks the second.The younger the patients were,the easier and faster for them to get recovered.Conclusion:There is great difference in lingual symptom and curative effect between children and adults.Therefore,the early treatment on the causes of aphasia and functional training is of great importance for improving the recovery ratio of the patients′ lingual function.