用微卫星DNA标记分析苎麻品种的亲缘关系

Genetic Relation Analysis on Ramie Cultivars with Microsatellite Markers

用 3种微卫星标记分别分析了 2 0个苎麻品种的DNA。每种标记方法都能在苎麻品种间产生多态性的谱带。ISSR每个检测单位产生的DNA条带最多 ,平均每个引物对扩增出 8个DNA条带 ;其次是RAMP。虽然SSR每个检测单位产生的条带数最少 ,但其扩增图谱中 ,87.0 %的条带是多态性条带 ,高于ISSR和RAMP。ISSR和RAMP扩增图谱中多态带的频率分别是 79 2 %和 75 6 %。从每次PCR扩增所能区分的基因型数值来看 ,ISSR最高 ,为 5 6 7,SSR次之 ,RAMP最低。根据微卫星标记分析的结果 ,对 2 0个苎麻品种进行聚类分析并建立系统树。其结果与品种的地理分布和形态特征基本吻合 ,表明微卫星DNA标记用于苎麻遗传关系分析是可行的。

SSR, ISSR and RAMP were used to determine the genetic relationships among 20 cultivars in ramie. All of the approaches were able to uniquely fingerprint each of the cultivars. The three assays differed in the amount of polymorphism detected and bands scored. The number of bands scored per assay unit was 8.0 for ISSR, which was the highest, while the numbers for SSR and RAMP were 3.0 and 4.6 respectively. 87.0% of bands generated by SSR were polymorphic, while the percentages of polymorphic bands for ISSR and RAMP were 79.2% and 75.6% respectively. With ISSR, for each primer, an average 5.67 phenotypes could be distinguished, with SSR and RAMP, the number of phenotypes per assay unit were 5.13 and 4.50. According to the hierarchical clustering of a database of the polymorphism detected by SSR, ISSR and RAMP, 20 cultivars of ramie could be divided into four types. The cultivars with the same root type and close geographic distribution were clustered in the same types. The result showed that SSR, ISSR and RAPM could be used to analyze the genetic relationships among ramie cultivars.