禾谷缢管蚜在越冬寄主植物上的行为研究

Behavioral observation: cherry oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) on its wintering host, Prunus padus

通过室内饲养观察、田间调查和利用微型昆虫显微摄影技术,研究了禾谷缢管蚜越冬卵在越冬寄主稠李(Prunus padis)上孵化,干母、干雌取食、生长发育和繁殖等行为过程,以及形态和体色变异特点。结果表明,禾谷缢管蚜越冬卵在室内的孵化率为88.68％-92.51％;在德国北部吕贝克附近田间孵化率为24.2％。越冬卵孵化起点温度低于4℃。在室温22℃下卵孵化历期为5-7 d,孵化高峰在卵孵化始期后第3-4天。一日内最佳孵化时间在05:00-07:30。在室内饲养条件下,将越冬卵孵化的干母直接移植到麦苗上,蚜虫几乎都不能存活。

The behaviours of Rhopalosiphum padi on European birdeherry tree twigs were firstly recorded by video tapes by using a high resolution stereomicroscope and a special camera. Relevant sequences starting from winter eggs that show the development of the fundatrix into progeny - producing females and the development of their offsprings (fundatrigeniae) till the appearance of the first alate females were recorded. The observations on the egg hatching rates on the twig pieces kept in the laboratory showed that most of the eggs hatched in the early morning between 5 :00 am - 7:30 am. The hatching rate ranged from 88.68% to 92.51%. The hatching rate of field eggs collected from the edge of a wheat field near Lubeck, northern Germany, was 24.2% . The temperature for R. padi eggs to start hatching was lower than 4℃ . All attempts to raise freshly hatched fundatrices on wheat seedlings failed.