桑枝枯菌核病的发病规律研究

Epidemiological dynamics of mulberry sclerotial disease

桑枝枯菌核病是近年来在江苏发现的一种新的桑树病害,该病主要危害春季一年生枝条上已萌发的桑芽及新梢,常造成桑芽枯萎和病芽上方的枝条干枯死亡。经鉴定,病原菌为子囊菌亚门,核盘菌属真菌[Sclerotinasclerotiorum(Libert)de Bary]。病原菌在桑芽或新梢的寄生部位能形成黑色菌核。菌核随采叶、伐条等田间操作而掉入土中越冬越夏,成为翌年的初侵染源。病害发生与桑树品种关系密切,育2号为易感病品种。桑园间作是造成病害交互感染的重要原因。

Mulberry slerotial disease is a new damaging disease of mulberry trees in recent years in Jiangsu Province. It mainly damaged the developing buds and twigs on annual branches, and caused the infected buds and branches blight. Its pathogen was identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Libert) de Bary, and could form sclerotium on the infected buds and shoots. The sclerotium could overwinter and aestivate in the soil and became the primary infective source in the following spring. The infection rate was closely related to the mulberry variety. The variety Y2 was susceptible. The major reason for cross infection was interplanting in mulberry fields.