黄土高原小流域治理与生态建设

Small Watershed Management and Eco-rehabilitation on the Loess Plateau of China

分析黄土高原水土流失特征 ,介绍该区小流域综合治理与生态建设成就。根据黄土高原小流域治理理论与实践 ,提出了黄土高原国土整治的“2 8字方略”及水土保持型生态农业概念 ;研究了小流域生态系统健康评价方法及指标体系。建议退耕还林还草与沟道工程措施结合 ,加强生态系统自我修复功能的系统研究 ;在以小流域为单元的基础上 ,加强中尺度生态环境建设试验示范研究和科学评估生态恢复的环境效应等。

The characteristics of soil erosion and water loss on the loess plateau was analysed, comprehensive management of small watershed and the achievements of eco-construction were introduced. Based on the theory and practice, 28-word strategy of the land improvement of loess plateau and the concept of conservational eco-agriculture were presented. The small watershed ecosystem health assessment methods and index system were studied. It is suggested that removal lands from cultivation for afforestation and grassplanting should be combined with gully works, and strengthening the systematic study of the natural rehabilitation function of ecosystem should be strengthen. Making the small watershed as a unit, the experimental demonstration study of eco-environment construction to the medium scale and the scientific assessment of eco-rehabilitation's environmental effect and so on should be enhanced.