鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林及针阔叶混交林节肢动物群落多样性调查

Community diversity of arthropod in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest in Dinghu Mountain

20 0 1年 5月和 10月在自然保护区鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林和针阔叶混交林的灌木层和草本 -苗木层对节肢动物多样性进行了调查。结果表明 ,5月份的灌木层 ,季风常绿阔叶林的节肢动物物种数和个体数 >针阔叶混交林 ,相反 ,在草本 -苗木层 ,针阔叶混交林的物种数和个体数 >季风常绿阔叶林。 10月份 ,针阔叶混交林节肢动物物种数和个体数与季风常绿阔叶林间无明显差异。两林分中 ,天敌占总物种数的 2 7.5 0 %～ 87.5 0 % ,蜘蛛类群占总物种数的 18.18%～ 6 6 .6 7%、占天敌物种数的 5 3.33%～ 90 .91%。除 5月份的草本 -苗木层外 ,节肢动物的丰富度指数、多样性指数均是季风常绿阔叶林 >针阔叶混交林 ,优势集中性指数则是针阔叶混交林 >季风常绿阔叶林。

An investigation of community diversity of arthropod in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest and in coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest were conducted in Dinghu Mountain Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong in May and October 2001. The results showed that average values of arthropod species and individuals in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest were significantly higher than those in coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest in shrub layer in May (because the natural enemies are more and greatly reproduced). In contrast, the values in coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest were higher than those in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in herb & seedling of ground surface in May. The average values of arthropod species and individuals in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest were lower than those in coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest in shrub layer in October, because the pests (Aphis) greatly reproduced, but there was not a significant difference at 0.05 level between the type of forests. In herb & seedling, average values of arthropod species and individuals in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest were higher than in coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest in October, there was not a significant difference at 0.05 level between the type of forests too. In the general, between monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest, average values of species and individuals of the pests and natural enemies were similar, there was not a significant difference between the type of forests, unless species and individuals of natural enemies in shrub layer in May and individuals of pests in shrub layer in October. Percentages of natural enemies to total number of species were 27.50%～87.50%, percentages of spider group to total number of species were 18.18%～66.67%, while the percentages of spider group in natural enemy of species were 53.33%～90.91% in all investigation fields. Richness index and Shannon-Weiner index in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest were greater than those in coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest unless in herb & seedling in May; in contrast, species concentration index in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest was lower than that in coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest.