浅论孙中山的社会主义

A Tentative Study on Sun Zhongshan's Idea of Socialism

孙中山的社会主义 ,是他对欧美、日本等资本主义国家的社会状况深入分析 ,有感于这些国家严重的社会问题而提出来的。他认为“平均主义”和“节制资本”是克服资本主义国家社会问题的关键。对私人资本主义既要鼓励其发展但又要对其加以限制 ,大力发展国家资本主义 ,是孙中山社会主义的核心内容。这反映了孙中山企图通过限制私人资本主义的发展 ,以避免资本主义的发展而带来的社会问题和社会革命 ,通过大力发展国家资本主义促进实业和经济的发展 ,并用国家资本主义创造的巨大社会财富来实现大国世界的社会主义。孙中山的社会主义反映了中国从半殖民半封建社会向社会主义过渡的必然性 。

Sun Zhongshan's socialist ideas were expounded as a result of his awareness of the serious social problems that existed in Europe, America and Japan after his long time observation and in depth analysis. He believed that 'egalitarianism' and 'control of capital' was the key to solving the social problems of capitalist society. Thus a central part of his socialist ideas included encouraging private capital to develop but exercising control over it, while focusing on the development of state capitalism. The idea represented Sun's attempt to build a powerful socialist country with the wealth brought along by state capitalism after curbing the development of private capital, so that the social problems and social revolution that were bound to arise in capitalist society could be avoided. Sun's idea of socialism is significant as it shows the necessity for China to turn from a semi colonial and semi feudal country to a socialist one.