印象整饰对强迫服从后态度改变的影响

THE INFLUENCE OF IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT ON CHANGE OF ATTITUDE AFTER FORCED COMPLIANCE

以 1 94名大学生为被试 ,采用实验法和利克特型态度量表 ,对Festinger和Carlsmith“强迫服从的认知性后果”实验进行了验证研究 ,并对个体印象整饰水平—自我监控力的差异对强迫服从后的态度中庸现象的影响作用进行了实验研究。结果表明 :(1 )自我监控性高低极端组在强迫服从后的态度得分不支持Festinger等实验的结果 ;(2 )个体印象整饰水平的差异对强迫服从中出现的态度中庸现象有显著影响作用。仅从个体内在的心理因素来解释复杂的社会行为是不够的 。

The purpose of this experimental study was to verify the experimental result of cognitive consequence of forced compliance (Festinger,L. ,Carlsmith,J M ,1959). 194 university freshmen participated in a test and 40 were selected as subjects with 20 as a high self-monitoring group and 20 as a low self-monitoring group. The results showed that the 2 groups exhibited different attitude changes after forced compliance which did not support the result of Festinger and Coarlsmith's experiment in 1959. This indicated that the impression management-ability of self-monitoring had notable effect on change of attitude after forced compliance. The results of the research didn't imply that the theory of impression management could replace or deny the theory of imbalance of cognition which could well explain attitude of individual and its change, it just indicated that the explanation of complicated social behavior could not be concluded from one psychological factor of the individual. Researches should study not only the factor of the individual but also the effect of the environment. The results enriched the content of the theory of social cognition.