中国西南民族关系研究散论之二

The 2nd Part of the Research about the Relationships between Different Nationalities in the Southwest of China

西南地区特殊的地理区位和生态环境构成了中国西南民族关系的基本发展背景和基础。各民族为了生产和生活的需要 ,结成了紧密的关系 ,甚至互相融合。在民族关系史的研究中 ,一定要意识到不同时期的民族在内容和概念上是不同的。西南地区的民族关系可以概括为中央政权与少数民族政权的关系、少数民族政权之间的关系、汉族民间与少数民族民间的关系、少数民族民间的关系四大部分 ,而西南民族关系的特点则可概括为分布上的大杂居与小聚居、政治上的多元一体、发展阶段的不平衡性、经济上的互补性、文化上的多元交融。

The particular geographical situation and ecological environment of the Southwest China are the background and basis for the development of the relationships between different nationalities in this region. For the sake of production and living, these nationalities formed very close relationships among themselves, and even mixed together. In the research about the history of the relationships between the different nationalities, we must be aware that in different times the concept of nationality is different . The relationships between different nationalities in the southwest of China contain four basic parts: the relationship between the central government and the local governments of the minority nationalities, the relationship between one and another of the local governments of the minority nationalities, the relationship between the Han nationality and the minority nationalities, and the relationship among the minority nationalities themselves. The relationships between different nationalities in the southwest of China are characterized by economic complementariness and the mingling of different cultures.