语体选择与语言社团的文化认同

Choice of Type of Writing and Cultural Identification of Language Community

每个人都掌握了一套包含不同语体的语言体系,既个人的"活用语言知识库"。在日常生活中,人们可以根据具体的情形选择不同的语体进行交际。在具体的语言情境中,说话人从自己庞大的活用语言知识库中选用某种语体而不选用其他语体,是有其内在的心理动机的。语体的选择一方面表明了说话人对相应语言社团的文化心理认同,另一方面也预设了听话人的反应,它是语言交际技能的体现。

Everybody has a language system, an individual 'bank of active language knowledge', which contains a variety of types of writing. In our daily life, people can choose different types of writing for communication on particular occasions. In a particular language context, a speaker has his own psychological motivation in his choosing from his huge bank of active language knowledge a certain type of writing for communication. On the one hand, the choice of type of writing expresses a speaker's cultural identification of the corresponding language community. On the other hand, it also prepares the response of his audience, which is an expression of language communication competence.