论按揭的法律定性和法律定位

On Mortgage Legal Characterization and Legal Position

在英美法上 ,按揭 (mortgage)是一种单一的担保方式 ,它在法律属性方面不同于大陆法上的抵押和质押 ,却类似于其让与担保。中国大陆的“按揭”一词来源于英美法 ,但它经过我国实践改造以后 ,本质上已经突破了英美法上按揭的涵义界限 ,从而成为我国一种将买卖、贷款 ,担保等紧密结合而设立的新型交易方式。文章最后指出 ,我国的合同立法有必要适时地将按揭合同类型化、固定化为一种新型的典型合同。

In Anglo-American legal systems,Mortgage is a single warranty whose legal characters are different from Charge's or Pledge's,but are similar to 'Fiducia' in Fome Law.On Chinese mainland,the term'mortgage'derives from Anglo-American legal systems.But after being reformed in the practice in our country,it has already broken through the limitation of defenition of mortgage in Anglo-American legal systems,so that it has become a new sales transation which includes trade,loan,warranty and so on.At last,the paper points out,that mortgage contract should be regarded as a new typical contract in legislation in our country.