光照处理番茄果实对其发育及生化成分的影响

THE EFFECT OF SOLAR RADIATION ON TOMATO FRUITS TO THEIR DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTITUENTS

研究结果表明,在番茄果实发育早期,其自身合成的光合产物占果实生长总量的3.2％～8.4％。光照能提高果实抗坏血酸、蔗糖、胡萝卜和叶黄素的含量,降低可滴定酸的含量,对还原糖和干物质的含量无明显的影响。光照直接影响果实叶绿素的形成,其影响程度随果实的生长而减弱。暗处理小于2.0cm^3的幼果,会发育成无叶绿素的白色果实;暗处理大于该体积的果实,则发育成绿色的果实。这些白色果实能正常成熟,逐渐转红,形成各种类胡萝卜素,并含有较多的茄红素。光线还能透过果壁,影响果室内胶状物质内叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的形成。果实前期的受光条件,对成熟果实的色泽和营养成分均有较大的作用。

The results indicated that the value of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculen-tum Mill. ) fruit photosynthesis contributing to its growth was about 3.2%~8.4%, The contents of ascorbic acid, sucrose, carotene and xan-thophyll were higher and the content of titraiable was lower in the fruits exposed to solar radiation than in darked fruits. The amount of reduced sugar and dry matter were not obviously affected by light, Sunlight directly influence synthesis of chrorophyll and the level of infl-uencewas getting weaker as the fruit developed, Growing in darkness, young fruits less than 2.0cm^3 became 'white fruit' at the stage of maximum volume and those larger than the volume became green fruits. The'white fruits' ripened and turned colour spontaneously with various carotenoids formed, and they contained higher carotene level than lighted fruits, It was found that solar rays could pass through the pericarp and affected the formation of pigments in locula materials including jelly-like parenchyma and placental tissue, The solar radiation on young fruit affect significantly its colour and nutrient value at the mature stage.