机械能助渗的基本规律及其发展前景

General Rule and Promising Future of Mechanical Energy Aided Thermal Diffusing Process

根据以往的试验结果 ,归纳出机械能助渗的一般规律。机械能助渗遵循化学热处理的基本规律 ,是一个分解、吸附及扩散过程。但是 ,由于运动粒子动能激活表面点阵原子 ,形成空位等点阵缺陷 ,将纯热扩散的点阵扩散变为点阵缺陷扩散 ,使扩渗温度大幅度降低 ,扩渗时间显著缩短 ,这是机械能助渗的特殊规律。机械能助渗节能效果十分显著 ,热处理畸变量小 ,产品质量高 ,设备投资少 ,可实现渗金属、渗碳、渗氮等几乎全部化学热处理 ,可能成为 2 1世纪化学热处理的主要工艺。

The general rule of mechanical energy aided chemical thermal diffusing process has been summarized based on the prevenient experimental results.The decomposition,adsorption and diffusion processes,commonly found in the normal chemical thermal treatments,also occur in the mechanical energy aided diffusing process.Because of the bombardments of the particles,the lattice atoms on the surface are activated,vacancies and other lattice defects are formed,which result in a lattice defects diffusion process in stead of a pure lattice diffusion process.As a result,the temperature and the duration of the thermal chemical procedure,and the deformation of the workpieces are reduced.With these advantages in guarantee a high efficiency of energy,high quality of products,and low cost of the equipment,the mechanical energy aided chemical thermal treatment will become a promising process for carburising,nitriding,metal diffusion and all the other similar processes in the 21^(st) century.