气液喷射式磺化反应器的应用研究

Study on application of gas-liquid jet sulfonation reactor

用喷射式磺化反应器分别对脂肪酸甲酯、烷基苯、重烷基苯、脂肪醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和α 烯烃等原料进行了SO3气相磺化/硫酸化反应,研究了反应器主要结构参数对产品质量的影响,并与膜式反应器作了比较。结果表明:喷射磺化反应器制备的烷基苯磺酸、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸的产品质量与膜式磺化反应器相当,制备的重烷基苯磺酸盐产品质量稳定,降低原油/水界面张力的能力优于膜式磺化器制备的产品,但在磺化α 烯烃、硫酸化脂肪醇和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚时转化率低于90%,产品质量明显不及膜式反应器。从两种反应器的传质、传热机理及效率,不同有机原料的SO3磺化机理及反应速度等方面对以上现象进行了分析和讨论,认为喷射式磺化反应器适用于脂肪酸甲酯、烷基苯、重烷基苯的磺化,目前的结构参数不适用于α 烯烃、脂肪醇和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的磺化/硫酸化反应,需要进一步调整,改善传质效率。

The Gas-liquid jet sulfonation reactor was used to sulfonate/sulfate fatty acid methyl ester (ME), linear alkyl benzene (LAB), heavy alkyl benzene (HAB), fatty alcohol (FA),fatty alcohol ethoxylate (AEO_3) and olefin (AO) with gaseous SO_3, the effect of its main parameters of reactor on sulfonated products was studied, and contrastive experiments were carried out in film reactor . The results showed that LAB sulfuric acid and ME sulfuric acid produced in jet reactor was comparable with that made in film reactor in quality, especially the HABS produced in jet reactor was stable in quality, and its performance of decreasing interface tension between crude oil and water was better than that produced in film reactor . When AO, AEO and FA were sulfonated / sulfated, however, the conversion was below 90%,and the product quality was inferior to that produced in film reactor . The results above were discussed on mass and heat transfer mechanism and efficiency of two reactors, SO_3 sulfonation mechanism and reaction rate of different organic materials. The gas-liquid jet sulfonation reactor was fit for sulfonating ME, LAB and HAB, but not suitable for sulfonating AO, FA and AEO, which needed further adjusting structure parameters to improve mass transfer efficiency.