BA田间预处理对大麦花药若干生理性状和培养效率的影响

EFFECTS OF BENZYLADENINE(BA) ON THE SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND THE CULTURED EFFICIENCIES OF ANTHERS IN BARLEY

用BA5、20、50mg/l的0.1%吐温-80溶液田间喷施大麦植株上部的功能叶,以喷水和喷0.1％吐温-80作为双对照,研究其对大麦花药培养的影响,结果表明:(1)喷施0.1％吐温-80可提高花粉愈伤组织诱导率,喷施BA5mg/l的0.1％吐温-80可进一步提高愈伤组织诱导率。(2)喷水和喷吐温-80的,其愈伤组织只分化白化苗,分化率分别为22.2％和60％;喷BA5mg/l的没有明显降低白苗率,但显著促进了绿苗的分化,频率为32.7％。(3)电镜观察证实BA对花药药壁有延缓衰退的作用,单纯吐温-80无此作用,表明绿苗的分化和药壁的活力有关。(4)BA对花药内的矿质元素含量状况产生复杂的影响,也影响花药内源ABA的水平及过氧化物酶同工酶谱。

The upper leaves of anther donor plants of barley bearing anthers at the early uninucleate stage of pollen were sprayed with BA 5, 20 and 50 mg/1 containing 0.1% TWeen-80. The effects of BA-spraying on anther cultures were as follows: 1. Treated with 0.1 % TWeen-80 (CK Ⅱ), the formation of pollen callus in barley anthers was increased, and treated with BA 5 mg /1 containing 0.1% TWeen-80, the formation of pollen callus was further increased. 2. Pollen callus treated with H2O (CK Ⅰ) and 0.1% TWeen-80 (CK Ⅱ) were found to only differentiate albino plantlets without formation of normal green shoots, the percentage ofalbinos were 22.2% and 60.0% respectively. However, the pollen callus treated with BA 5 mg/1 were found not only to differentiate albino plantlets with 55.1%, but also to product a lot of normal green shoots with 32.7%. It suggested that BA could obvously enhance the differentiation of green shoots. 3. Electron micrographies showed that treated with BA, the degenerative course of anther walls of barley was delayed. The walls developed substantially and cells were rich in contents. But the anthers walls after treatment with H2O and 0.1 % TWeen-80 appeared to quickly degenerate. It indicated that the differentiation of green shoots from pollen callus related to the viability of anther wall tissues. 4. The effects of BA on the contents of mineral elements within anthers appeared to be very complicate, and it seems to be possible that the ratio of Mn / Cu in anthers related to the differentiation of green shoots. 5. Treatment with BA influenced also the level of endogenous ABA and the zymogram of peroxidase isozymes in anthers. These influences might associate with enhancing the differentiation of green shoots from pollen callus by the treatment with BA.