云南阳春砂仁的质量与生态环境关系的探讨

Relationship between Quality of Fructus Amomi from Yunnan and its Ecological Environment

当前云南阳春砂仁产量,占全国总产量的65.5％,商品有左右全国砂仁市场之势。经调查云南产区生态环境较原产区广东阳春县为优,故表现出植株生长较高,果实较大,每室籽粒数较多等性状特征之差,这些差异并非是物种的变异,而是生态环境较好所致。从两地商品中的精油成分和微量元素分析结果也基本一致,认为影响云南阳春砂仁质量的酸味,两地商品均有,并都来源于假种皮,只不过云南商品果实较大,假种皮较厚,总酸含量较高,但是总酸均为无毒副作用的低分子有机酸,不影响砂仁的质量。因此我们认为云南引种区的阳春砂仁质量,与广东原产区的阳春砂仁质量应基本一致。

The Fructus Amomi from Yunnan are better than that produced in Yangchun county, Guangdong province-the origin producing area, for it has some special characteristics such as high plants, big fruits, more seeds in every room and so on. These are not due to the variation of species, but the result of better ecological environment. The result of analyses on the composition of volatile oil and trace element showed no difference on the whole, so the auther believed that the strong acidity of Fructus Amoral from Yunnan results from the high content of total acid due to its big fruit and thick arils, but the total acid are or- ganic acid of low molecule that have no poison and side effects for Fructus Amomi produced both in Yunnan and Guangdong carry acidity.