风沙土钾素资源特征及对酿酒葡萄的影响

The Characters of Potassium and Its Effect on Wine-grapes on Aeolian Sand Soil in Ningxia

应用化学分析、盆栽试验和田间试验方法,系统研究了风沙土钾素资源特征及酿酒葡萄对钾素的吸收利用。结果表明,风沙土钾素含量较低,土壤速效钾含量及被土壤固定的钾量均随着施钾量的提高而增加。风沙土缓效钾易于释放,能及时补充速效钾的亏缺,但也易于耗竭,供钾能力较低。不同施钾处理中,植株和果实含钾量均随施钾量提高而增加,钾肥利用效率顺序为砂质轻壤土>细沙土>粗沙土。高肥力土壤供钾能力强,钾肥利用率较高,而低肥力土壤则相反。钾素对于酿酒葡萄生物学性状和果实品质具有明显的影响。

The effect of potassium and the absorption and utilization by wine-grapes grown on aeolian sandy soil inNingxia were studied. The result shows that the content of slow-release potassium and available potassium is low. Theamount of available potassium and fixed potassium increase with increasing amount of applied potash. And slow-releasepotassium, which can be replenished quickly when available potassium is depleted. But slow-release potassium is exhaustedalso, the buffering capacity of supplying potassium is low. The content of potassium in grains and plants increase withincreasing amount of applied K in different treatments. The sequence of potassium recovery rate is as follows: sandy-loam>fine sand>coarse sand. The capacity of supplying potassium in high-fertility soil is better than that in low-fertility soil, andthe rate of potassium recovery is high. Potassium nutrient affects the growth and quality of wine-grapes.