新加坡的民间创业与科技创新

Growth Engine with a Sound Private SMEs Sector and Knowledge-based Economy: Lesson from Singapore

新加坡在过去二十多年不断鼓励民间投资和支持以科技创新为基础的创业活动产生了两个效果:一是加强了民间中小企业尤其是科技创新型中小企业创业经济成分,逐步改变了其经济对政府关联企业和大公司的过份依赖;二是科技创新使产业结构出现了从传统制造业经济为主向知识经济为主的转变。这一经济结构和产业结构的调整有效地解决了其传统经济模式中的增长“瓶颈”问题,为抵御外部经济冲击和保持长期稳定增长奠定了坚实基础。本文从经济增长动力角度分析新加坡经济发展过程中存在的动力缺陷问题,并考察其政府采取的系列应对措施。

From the perspective of Growth Engine of Economy, two 揵ottle-neck?problems have been undermining the soundness of the well-known Singapore economic development model East Asian Economic Model(EAEM), which is characterized as a centralized capitalism. The first problem is the oversize of Government-Linked Companies (GLCs) and the second one is the unbalance of industrial structure with the semiconductor-led manufacturing sector. These problems became major concerns of government, industries and academy as well. Fortunately, the efforts made by government during the past two decades contributed much to the development of technology-based SMEs in private sector and the development of the knowledge-based economy as a whole. These developments help to solve the 揵ottle-neck?problems and fill up the gaps existing in economic development 揺ngine?of traditional EAEM, and consequently enhance its capability to tackle with the cycle vibration of economy and crisis. A well-balanced knowledge-based economic structure is critical to the long-term sustainable development and is the base on which recovery could be conceived without much suffering.