诉诸“过程”和“建构”的社会世界研究——简析A.许茨的现象学"社会世界"研究的方法论视角

The Study on Social World by Means of "Process" and "Construction" ——A Brief Analysis on the Angle of Methodology of the Study on "Social World" of the Phenominology by A. Shutz

20世纪的西方哲学研究为什么体现出"社会哲学转向"?今天的哲学研究究竟应当向何处去?结合对许茨的、诉诸"过程"和"建构"的现象学社会世界研究的批判性考察,不仅肯定这种转向的存在,也指出了其实质性内涵是通过走向"社会世界"而寻求彻底改变西方哲学传统的基本研究立场和方法论视角;同时,由于许茨和绝大多数当代西方哲学家一样仅把"过程"和"建构"当作理所当然的基本预设"点到为止",所以,根本没有实现自己的目的而有待理论上的进一步深化。

Why was the Western philosophy research switched to 'social philosophy'? Where should today′s philosophy research go? A critical survey of the research of the social world of the phenomenology by resorting to 'process' and 'construction', not only confirms the presence of this orientation shift, but also points out that its essential connotation is to seek to thoroughly change the viewpoints for the standing and approach of the fundamental research of the tradition of western philosophy. At the same time, like the great majority of the western philosophers, Schütz solely takes 'process' and 'construction' as the justifiable basic assumption by giving a simple touch, thus failing to achieve his goal and requiring for further theoretical deepening.