同一与差异:从现代到后现代身份认同

The Same and Difference:From Modern to Post-modern Identity

在以启蒙和后启蒙自由—人文主义为主导思想的西方现代知识话语中,同一占据支配地位,力图整合充满差异的现代文明,弥合现代人分裂的精神世界。在后现代全球化文化中,各种边缘话语对身份认同政治的强调使得差异变得异常活跃,成为解构后现代文化中同一支配下的文化霸权和主导意识形态的力量。但是,后现代文化身份认同也力图借助反霸权意识形态走向同一的理想世界。同时,从这一视角反观现代文化,在西方启蒙和后启蒙同一作用下的文化身份认同也包含差异的隐形作用。

In modern Western discourse of knowledge with the Enlightenment and post-Enlightenment liberal-humanism as the dominant thought, the same displayed great importance in rehabilitating differentiated modern civilization and patching up the spiritual split-up of modern man. In post-modern global culture, emphasis on identity politics in minority discourses activates Difference as a force to deconstruct the Same purported by post-modern cultural hegemony and dominant ideology. Yet post-modern cultural identity also entails the attempt to conjure up an ideal world of the Same configured in counter-hegemonic ideology. A further reflection on modern culture reveals that modern cultural identity subsumed with the Enlightenment and post-Enlightenment Same also incorporates latent Difference.