当代俄国文化学与重建民族文化理念

Contemporary Russian Culturology and Rebuilding National Cultural Idea

文化学是近年来俄语学界关心的重要论题。作为一门学科的文化学兴起于苏联解体前后,其目的主要是解决俄国社会变革后学科建设问题,其内容是重新清理文化定义、确定这门学科的研究范围和研究方法,由此大量引进西方经典文化学说(尤其是文化人类学),进而打破了文化的意识形态限制。然而,俄国文化学本质上是要建立一种新的文化理念,于是重新认识世界与俄国文化史成为其中的重要内容,白银时代和苏联时代的文化才能得到新的诠释。

Culturology is an important thesis in which scholars of Slavic studies are interested. Rising after the collapse of the Seviet Union, it is to resolve the problems of subject, define its academic area and method of the subject. This move leads many western classics on culturology, especially cultural anthropology, into Russian. Russian culturology essentially builds the new cultural idea. It means that cultural history of the world and Russia and the culture in silver and age Soviet and are reinterpreted.