郑州市2000～2002年本地和流动人口麻疹病例的比较

Measles cases of natives and floating population in Zhengzhou from 2000 to 2002

目的 了解郑州市当地和流动人口麻疹病例相同和不同的发病特点 ,为控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法 采用麻疹病例的流行病学调查方法 ,对郑州市 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 2年经实验室确诊的当地和流动人口麻疹病例逐个进行详细的个案调查 ,并将调查情况进行比较分析。结果 流动人口麻疹病例占郑州市确诊病例的 44 82 % ,特别是市区流动人口麻疹病例占整个市区确诊病例的 61 5 7% ,当地和流动人口麻疹病例中有明确免疫史的比例都不高 ,分别占 2 5 %和 13 % ,免疫史不详的病例两者都较高 ;1～ 7岁为本地和流动人口麻疹发病的主要年龄组 ,且流动人口麻疹病例无免疫史占其构成比为 74 3 1% ,当地麻疹病例无免疫史的病例占其构成比为 3 5 44 %。两者发病季节高峰无明显差异 ,但当地麻疹发病高峰提前于流动人口麻疹发病 1个月。结论 今后要进一步提高麻疹疫苗的接种率和免疫成功率 ,切实加强流动人口的计划免疫管理工作 ,使其接种率和 1岁以内麻疹疫苗的及时接种率都有大幅增长 ,认真做好麻疹病例的个案调查工作 ,尽量减少免疫史不详的病例 ,以便于对麻疹病例进行科学的分析。如何降低 <8岁龄麻疹在当地和流动儿童中发病也是值得研究和探讨的问题。

To compare the pathogenic characteristics of measles cases of natives and floating population in Zhengzhou, in order to provide scientific basis for controlling measles. Every measles case of natives and floating population in Zhengzhou from 2000 to 2002 was investigated and analyzed by epidemiological survey method. Measles cases of floating population was 44.82% of the whole measles cases in Zhengzhou, and in urban area measles cases of floating population reached 61.57% of the all. 25% of native cases had immunization records, and 13% of floating cases had immunization records. The main age group of measles was 1-7 years, and among them 74.31% cases of floating population and 35.44% cases of natives had not immunization records. There was no significant difference about incidence peak between two groups, but the peak in native cases was one month earlier than that in floating cases. [Conclusion] We should increase the coverage rate and success rate of measles vaccine; strengthen the management of EPI in floating population; improve the case survey on measles to reduce the cases without immunization records. How to reduce the incidence rate of measles among children under 8 years needs further research.