杉木种源木材密度的遗传变异与选择

Genetic Variation and Selection on the Wood Specific Gravity of Chinese Fir Provenance.

从全国第2次杉木种源试验的浙江省开化、建德和临安3个试验点中取1485株样木,分析其胸高木材密度。结果表明:木材密度在种源间的差异显著或极显著,且种源内株间变异丰富;种源的木材密度同地理纬度相关极显著,呈纬向渐变,且同1月均温相关,表现为从北到南木材密度呈下降的趋势。依木材密度所作的聚类分析可以把3个试点均参试的49个种源划分为南、中、北3大类群;木材密度呈中等程度的遗传,单地点的种源遗传力为0.3103～0.3789,多点的种源遗传力达0.5833,且同胸径生长量有较高的遗传相关;依各种源的木材密度值的大小,为浙江省杉木造林区选出了福建南平和广西那坡2个生长、材质兼优的种源。

This paper studied the genetic variation and selection of wood specific gravity of 1 485 samples at 3 test sites in Zhejiang Province. The results showed that there were significant differences among provenances and abundant variations among individual trees within provenances on wood specific gravity. The gravity closely related to latitude and to average temperature of January. The values of the gravity gradually diminished from north to south. The 49 provenances tested at 3 sites were divided into 3 groups (South, Centre and North) by cluster analysis on wood specific gravity. Provenance heritability of the gravity were 0.310 3^-0.378 9 in single test sites, and 0.5833 in multiple sites. There were higher genetic correlation between the gravity and diameter growth. Nanping's and Nape's provenances of which both growth and wood quality were excellent were selected for silvicultural region of Chinese fir in Zhejiang Province based on the gravity values of each provenance.