稀土固体超强酸催化合成氯乙酸甲酯

Catalytic Synthesis of Methyl Chloroacetate by Rare Earth Solid Super Acid

本文比较了一水合硫酸氢钠、对甲苯磺酸、十二水合硫酸铁铵、稀土固体超强酸合成氯乙酸甲酯的催化活性;研究了以氯乙酸和甲醇为原料,以稀土固体超强酸为催化剂合成了氯乙酸甲酯,并考察了酸醇摩尔比、催化剂的用量、以及反应时间对酯收率的影响。结果表明:当氯乙酸与甲醇的摩尔比为1:4,固体超强酸1.8g,反应温度85～90℃,反应时间3.5h时为最佳条件,酯收率达到92.5%。

The catalytic activities of sodium bisulfate monohydrate, p-tol ue nesulfonic acid, ammonium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate, and rare earth solid s uper acid in the synthesis of methyl chloroacetate are compared. The synthesis o f methyl chloroacetate with chloroacetic acid and methanol as reactants and rare earth solid super acid as catalyst was studied. The effects of reactants on the ester yield, such as molar ratio chloroacetic acid to methanol, the amount of catalyst used, and reaction time were investigated. The results show that the optimum conditions of preparation were determined with yield of ester 92.5%, wh ich were as follows: (1) The molar ratio of chloroacetic acid to methanol is 1:4 . (2) The amount of the catalyst was 1.8 grams. (3)The reaction temperature was 85～90℃. (4) The reaction time was 3.5 hours.