秋水仙素诱发水稻早熟效应的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Early Ripening Effects Induced by Colchicine in Rice

利用0.05％秋水仙素溶液处理4～5叶期的2个迟熟早籼品种。结果表明,在同一亲本的后代中,同时出现早熟和迟熟双向突变,早、迟熟突变率分别为5.3％和3.5％。早熟突变范围一般比亲本提早3-12天,平均提早5.9天。早熟突变体在M_3代的生育期遗传率达86％左右,表明早熟突变是可遗传的。从广陆矮4号的诱变后代中,选得比原品种熟期提早8天,基本保持原品种其它性状的早熟新品种C255,于1986-1990年累计推广面积30余万亩。

The mutants induced by colchicine (seedlings at 4-5 leaf stage were treated with 0.05% colchicine solution) were investigated in M_2 and M_3 generations of 2 indica-rice cultivars in 1981 -1983. The results (Fig.l, Table 1-2) showed that the rate of early ripening mutants (ERM) was relatively higher than that of late ripening mutants (LRM) and the range of ERM was wider than that of LRM in a same cultivar. The M_2 and M_3 generations had very high values of heritability on heading date (Table 3—4), which indicates that additive gene action have more influence than environment do on heading date. So, colchicine is a useful inducing agent in early breeding of rice.