对中国村民自治制度内在矛盾的分析与反思

Analyzing and Rethinking the Inner Conflictsof the System of Villagers Autonomy in China

中国村民自治民制度实施后,由于经济利益的原因,引发了地方乡镇政府与村委会之间的矛盾,于是乡镇政府干预、操纵村民选举,越权干涉村级财务管理,干涉农民经营自主权。因此,要解决乡镇政府与村委会之间的矛盾,使村民自治制度得以彻底贯彻,就需要从三个方面入手:一是要通过立法,明确界定政府与村的利益关系,乡镇以《宪法》和《村民委员会组织法》为准绳,依法行政;二是建立基层财政自治制度,赋予村委会独立的财政地位并发挥财政监督功能;三是加快农村税费制度改革,使村民自治向"本我"回归。

After the performance of the system of villagers autonomy in China,and because of different economic interests,there have appeared conflicts between the local town government and the villagers committee,the government interfering in and controlling the villagers' vote as well as the financial management of the villagers committee and the farmers' right to deal with business.Therefore,to solve the conflicts and get the system of the villagers autonomy a thorough practice,we should act in three aspects.Firstly,to make laws,clearly defining the relationship in interests between the town government and the villagers committee to make the government manage the public affairs by law,based on the constitution and the villagers committee organization legistation.Secondly,to establish the system of financial autonomy,granting the committee an independent position in finance,the function in supervision over finance,Thirdly,to speed up the reformation of the rural taxes and fees to get the villagers autonomy to return to itself.