基于RS和GIS的三峡库区生态环境综合评价

ECOLOGICAL ENVIROMENTAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA BASED ON REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

以遥感影像作为主要数据源,在地理信息系统技术的支持下,以生态环境脆弱典型区———三峡库区为研究对象,针对区域主要生态问题,选取水热条件、地形地貌、土地利用和土壤侵蚀为评价因子,建立了生态环境质量综合评价模型,并对评价结果的空间分异格局进行了分析。结果表明,三峡库区的生态环境现状整体较差,良好等级的区域仅占4.25%,较差及以下等级的区域占区域总面积的60%;生态环境质量的空间分异比较明显,中海拔地区生态环境质量最为脆弱。因此,必须因地制宜地采取相应措施,从而加强库区生态环境的保护。

Using RS images as the main data source, and GIS technology, aiming at the main ecological problems in the Three Gorges region, choosing precipitation and heat, topography, land use, soil erosion as assessing factors, we established comprehensive assessment model for ecological environmental quality and studied the spatial distribution of assessed results. We put then forward corresponding measures for different regions. The result is that the quality of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is poor as a whole, only 4.25% area reaching good level, more than 60% area under relatively poor level. Furthermore, the spatial difference of the ecological quality is evident. So more measures should be taken and adjusted to local conditions in order to make ecological environment better.