上海市徐汇区初一学生性教育状况调查

Survey on the Situations of Sexual Education among Grade-one Junior Middle School Students in Xuhui District,Shanghai

目的 了解上海市徐汇区初一学生性教育状况和性教育需求状况。方法 采用二阶段分层整群抽样方法 ,在徐汇区抽取 3所初级中学 ,每所中学初一抽取 3个班 ;以自行设计的问卷进行调查 ,利用FGD和PII进行定性研究。调查对象共 4 0 2人 ,其中男、女各 184人和 2 18人 ,年龄平均在 12～ 13岁。结果 4 3 8%的同学接受过性教育 ,各内容接受过教育的学生比例有所差异 ;部分学生讨论过性问题 ,多数认为影响不大 ;教师和家长是获得性知识的最重要途径 ;多数认为性教育有必要 ,而且青春期前教育较好 ;对于大多数内容 ,接近或超过一半的学生认为接受教育适宜 ;最想知道的性知识是生殖卫生保健、男性遗精及保健 (女性月经及保健 )等 ;最喜欢的性教育者是教师、家长、专家或教授、朋友或同学。结论 初一男女生性教育状况和教育需求状况有所差异 ;利用各种途径 ,针对青少年年龄和性别 ,开展科学有效适宜的性教育 ,满足青少年的需求 。

ObjectiveTo explore the situation of sexual ed uc ation and the needs for sexual education among the first graders of junior middl e school MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted among 4 02 first graders from 9 classes,3 from 3 junior middle schools each in Xuhui District,Shanghai, 184 male and 218 female, aged 12～13, by two-stage, stratified cluster sampling Focus group di scu ssion was held among 9 groups of male students and 9 groups of female students Personal in-depth interview was held among 5 teachers Results 43 8% of the stud ents had received sexual education and the proportions receiving different kinds of contents were different Some had discussed sexual problems, most of which b elieved such discussions had little influence Teachers and parents were the mo s t predominant sources of sexual knowledge Most of the students believed it nec e ssary to receive sexual education and also believed that it would be better to r eceive it before adolescence About half of the students thought most of the co n tents in sexual education suitable to them The knowledge they most wanted was h ealth care of reproductive system, spermatorrhea/menstruation and relevant healt h care, etc The most favorite sexual educators included teachers, parents, exp e rts or professors, and friends or classmates ConclusionThe s i tuation of and needs for sexual education are different between male and female first graders of junior middle school