《诗经》地理生态背景之考察

Investgation on Geographic and Ecological Situation in The Book of Songs

《诗经》产生在与现存迥然不同的地理生态环境之中:黄河的支流与支津构成了一张巨大的水网,上百的湖泊星罗棋布于其间;充沛的雨水,造就了许许多多的隰地;川流水泊之间,形成了不少人类居住的洲岛与土丘;山林之中,泽薮之畔,生长着梅竹之类亚热带植物,并活动着犀牛之类热带动物,野猪时出,鹿群觅食,水鸟云集。这种生态环境直接影响着先民的生活方式与性格、心理、情感,形成了《诗经》温柔敦厚的风格。

The Book of Songs' came into being in ancient geographic and ecological environment, which is greatly different from the existing one. Tributaries of Yellow River constitute vast water areas, among which hundreds of lakes sporadically spread. Ample rain formed a large amount of marsh; numerous living islands and hills were shaped in lakes as well as rivers. There grew such subtropical plants as bamboos and plums, and there lived such tropical animals as rhinoceros. The specific geographic and ecological environment has a direct impact on ancestors' living ways, characters, psychology, and emotions, which contributes a lot to the simplicity and sincerity of the Book of Songs.