试论后现代社会理论中的话语情结

Language Complex in Post-modern Theory of Sociology

社会是由语言符号构成的世界,这个世界的意义就在于话语所表达的意义。因此,社会理论素有语言学情结并发展出具有社会理论特征的用符号系统及其符号和话语来分析文化和社会的话语理论。后现代主义的社会理论家追随了后结构主义路径关注话语并予以分析,企图从话语的变化中找出现代向后现代变迁的社会特征和迹象。通过分析三位后现代社会理论家———福柯、利奥塔和波德里亚得的话语情结,本文试图透过他们的话语情结从另一个视角对当下的经济、政治、社会、文化以及日常生活之间的内在联系做出说明,并解释这些向度是如何形成复杂社会体系的。

Society is composed of language codes and the meaning of the world lies in what the language codes reflect. It is no wonder that theories of sociology have been keeping close touch with linguistics and in turn develop into discourse theories with the features of social theories, which explore culture and society by means of language codes and discourses. Actually, post-modern theories of sociology keep in line with post-structuralism. By analyzing discourse, they attempt to explore social features in the course of social changes from modernism into post-modernism. Based on the discussion of the three important theorists of post-modern theories of sociology, this article approaches to explain the internal relations amid economy, politics, society, culture and everyday life, and thus explain how these respects contribute to the formation of complicated social structures.