儒学发展与中国古代文学思潮

Confucianism development and its effect on ancient Chinese literature

儒学在其发展过程中出现过许多学术流派或学术思潮,以此为标志而呈现出明显的阶段性。儒学发展的每一段落,甚至包括其分化和遭到叛逆的段落,均对中国古代文学产生了广泛而深刻的影响,导致其时文学思潮、热潮或特定创作倾向的产生。这种情况可大致归纳为:孟、荀尚义劝学与宏辩文学思潮;两汉经学与大赋高潮;魏晋玄学与文学尚简嗜奇热潮;两宋理学与文学尚理倾向;明代理学发展与文学思潮的演变,具体表现为阳明心学与小说浪漫化思潮、泰州学派与小说世俗化倾向;清代乾嘉学风与小说炫耀才学热潮。作为中国传统文化中极重要的两个系统,儒学与中国古代文学的这种特定联系,成为中国古代文化发展史的重要现象,具有丰富的文化底蕴和文学理论蕴涵。

During the Confucianism development,there have been many academic groups or ideological trend of philosophy,which signified different stages of it.Every stage of its development including its division and betrayal affected and propelled the ancient Chinese literature profoundly.As a result,there occurred ideological trends of ancient literature and certain creative tendency.This can be classified into the following several respects:the ideological trend of Meng's or Xun's adoring justice and advocating study and debate;the climax of Jing and Dafu in the two Han dynasties;the trend of Xuan and pursuing simplicity and peculiarity of literature in Weijin dynasties;the trend of advocating Li in literature in two Song dynasties;the development of Li and the change of literary trend in Ming dynasty,which consists in the existence of Yangming's Xin and the trend of romanticism of novel and the occurence of Taizhou group and the tendency of the novel's worldliness;the spread of Qianjia's academic style and the climax of novel's showing-off in Qing dynasty.As the two vital systems,Confucianism and ancient Chinese literature become the important phenomenon of the development history of the ancient Chinese culture.It contains affluent meaning of culture and literary theory.