鲁迅早期的文学功用观——鲁迅文学批评研究之二

Lu Xun's Views on the Literary Function in His Earlier Period ——The Study of Lu Xun's literary criticism(Ⅱ)

早期的鲁迅文论一方面把文学功用从“文学”角度划分成一切文学的共同功用:审美益神、兴感怡悦、“不用之用”,和特殊文学的特殊功用:彻悟人生、认识真理、勇猛精进;另一方面把文学功用从“功用”角度划分成文学的直接功用(即“不用之用”),和文学的间接功用:见利致用、经纬世事、救亡图存。两个方面以文学的“不用之用为纽带形成一种有机的、自成整体的文学功用观。

On one hand,in the ealier period Lu Xun classified the function of literature into the common function of all literature and the special function of the special literature in terms of literature.The former refers to benefiting the spirits for appreciating beauty,getting excitement and pleasure,and having the use of no practial use.The latter refers to completely understanding the human life,obtaining the cognition of the truth,and advancing bravely and continuously.On the other hand,he classified the funtion of literature into the direct function and indirect function. The former refers to having the use of no practical use.The latter refers to having benefit and attaining practical use,engaging social activities,and working hard for the survival.Two aspects mentioned above link up together by the use of no practial use,and become a kind of organic,independent viewpoint of literary function.