血缘与地缘重合的社会——维吾尔族、哈萨克族社会结构分析

The Society Based on the Relationship of Consanguinity and Region——The analysis of the social structure of the Uygur nationality and Kazak

亲属称谓是亲属群体的语言符号,它用于表示人们的血缘关系、亲疏关系及姻亲关系。维吾尔族、哈萨克族的亲属制度是完全不同的两种类型,前者为直系型,后者为二分旁系型,但是,在转化为亲属称呼(对称)时,却都在重视年龄组的基础上,划分为三种称呼,即父辈、同辈、晚辈。因此,根据对维、哈族社会结构的调查,提出了同胞团结的原则,并认为此种原则的形成与他们社会中的地缘、血缘、宗教三个主要因素有着密不可分的联系。

Kinship terms are linguistic symbols identifying the relationship of consanguinity,close or distant relationship and marriage.The kinship systems in Uygur and Kazak are totally different in that the former is directly related and the latter is binary collateral.Howerer,three kinds of terms for elder generation,the same generation and the younger generation are used in addressing relatives.Therefore,based on the investigation of the social structure of the Uygur nationality and Kazak,this paper presents the principle of compatriot union and holds that the formation of the principle is closely related to consanguinity,region and religion.