电离辐射诱导的旁观者效应研究

Study on Ionizing Radiation Induced Bystander Effects

列举了一些具有代表性的研究结果,概括介绍了一些产生旁观者效应的可能机制以及辐照引起的活性氧基团或分子、细胞通讯和细胞因子在旁观者效应中的重要作用.此外,还讨论了旁观者效应的表达程度与辐照剂量和射线品质的关系.旁观者效应的研究结果表明:辐射产生的潜在危害可能要比以前估计的大,这给如何评估辐射对人类造成的危害带来了新的冲击.

Recent studies have indicated that biological effects, such as chromosomal aberration, gene mutation and cell death and so on, can be induced in cells that are not traversed by radiation directly. This phenomenon has been termed as bystander effects. In this paper, a few representative studies were reported and the possible mechanisms underlying the bystander effects were summarized. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by ionizing radiation, cellular communication and some factors play important roles. Besides, the expression extent of bystander effects depended on radiation dose and quality were discussed. Bystander effects suggest that potential health risks associated with radiation exposure may be greater than those of original thought and this makes ultimate impact on human radiation risk assessment.