失业成因新探

Late Investigation of the Cause of Unemployment

现代西方经济学的几种失业理论,从不同角度在不同程度上解释了失业现象,但大多对造成失业的因素分析不足。作者通过对消费者行为和厂商行为进行模型分析,用消费者效用最大化和厂商利润最大化分别导出有效劳动力供给方程和需求方程,从而说明失业是如何决定的。失业是一种经济现象,它是劳动力总供给不能被生产完全吸收的结果,由有效劳动力供给和有效劳动力需求两种力量共同决定。劳动力总供给、政府津贴、工资、消费是有效劳动供给形成的因素。劳动力总供给、工资、政府津贴、消费、资本投入和技术是决定有效劳动力需求的主要因素。

Some unemployment theories of present Western economy explain unemployment phenomenon in different degrees from different angles, but most of them do not analyze enough the factors that result in unemployment. In this paper the authors derive the effective labor force supply equation and demand equation respectively through model analyzing the consumer behavior and the manufacturer behavior and through the consumer-utility-maximization and the manufacture-profit-maximization,so that explain how the unemployment is determined. Unemployment is a kind of economic phenomenon. It is the result caused by the fact that the total supply of the labor force cannot be absorbed by manufacture, which is co-determined by the effective labor supply and the effective labor force demand. The total supply of labor force, government subside, wage and consume are the forming effectors of effective labor supply. The total labor force supply, wage, government subside, consume, capital investment and technology are the main factors for the determination of the demand of the effective labor force.