热带人工草地群落结构研究初探

A Preliminary Study on the Community Structureof Tropical Cultured Grassland

研究4年生热带人工草地放牧与不放牧对群落结构的影响,结果表明:以热研2号柱花草和珊状臂形草为优势草种的人工草地,其中对照区(不放牧)干草产量8096kg/hm2,极显著高于天然草地116.04%,放牧区6324.5kg/hm2,显著高于天然草地68.77%;其产草量呈动态变化,以10月最高;植被群落呈垂直空间层状分布,产草量多集中在11～40cm草层;在放牧区热研2号柱花草的频度和产草量减少,珊状臂形草和有钩柱花草增加,草种分布均匀,结构合理,向进展方向演替。

A study was conducted on the influence of grazing and non-grazing on the community structure of cultured quadrennial tropical grassland. The result shows that the cultured grassland with Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan 2 and Brachiaria brizantha as the dominant species boasts higher yield of biomass and nutrient value. The annual hay yield of the non-grazing cultured grassland is 8096 kg/hm^2,and that of the grazing cultured grassland,6324.5 kg/hm^2;the former is 116.04% higher and the latter 68.77% higher than that of the non-grazing and grazing natural grassland.The yield ascends with the changing seasons, reaching the highest in October. The herbage output rises among grasses of 11～40 cm height. Grazing decreases herbage output and frequency of S.guianensis cv. Reyan 2, yet increases those of B.brizantha cv.Reyan 6 and S.hmata . Tropical cultured grassland consititutes a reasonable structure and distribution of forage species.