打顶至调制结束白肋烟常规化学成分的变化

Changes of Routine Chemical Components in Burley Tobacco from Topping to Curing

为探索提高白肋烟质量及其可用性的理论依据 ,采用标准方法测定了从打顶至调制结束2 0 0 0年湖北鹤峰试验基地生产的白肋烟的总糖、总氮、氯、总挥发碱和总植物碱的含量。结果表明 :①白肋烟中的总糖从打顶到调制前期急剧下降 ,此后变化不大 ;②除打顶到采收上部烟叶的总氮含量降低较快外 ,上、中、下部烟叶的总氮含量均变化不大 ;③上、中、下部烟叶的氯含量均较低 ,但总体上明显增加 ;④从打顶、采收至调制的前 2周 ,上、中部烟叶的总挥发碱含量显著增加 ,此后增幅平缓。下部烟叶的总挥发碱含量变化不大 ,且除打顶后的 10d外 ,明显低于上、中部烟叶 ;⑤上、中、下部烟叶的总植物碱含量均呈先增后降的变化趋势 ,即打顶到采收阶段急剧上升 ,调制期间缓慢降低。

In order to improve the quality and usability of burley tobacco,the routine chemical components,including total sugar,total nitrogen,chlorine,total volatile bases,and total alkaloid,in burley tobacco grown in Hefeng county of Hubei province were determined from topping to the end of curing with standard methods.The results showed that: 1) the content of total sugar in the burley tobacco was sharply reduced from topping to the early stage of curing,and then remained the same level;2) total nitrogen in upper,middle and lower stalk position leaves changed a little except for significant reduction in upper leaf from topping to harvesting;3) though it was obviously increased at large,the content of chlorine in upper,middle and lower position leaves were relatively low;4) the total volatile bases in upper and middle leaf increased dramatically from topping to the first two weeks of curing,and then increased slightly,the total volatile bases in lower leaf changed a little,which were obviously lower than those in upper and middle leaves except for the first ten days after topping;and 5) the total alkaloid in upper,middle and lower leaves significantly increased from topping to harvesting,and then decreased slowly during curing.