激光处理金属冷、热切锯片的性能研究

Research on Capability of the Saw Blade Heateded by Laser

锯片在使用过程中 ,经常出现裂纹、崩齿和振动问题。针对这种情况 ,采用激光淬火锯片齿尖代替原有的热处理工艺处理锯片齿尖。由于激光淬火形成的淬硬层较薄 ,组织晶粒比较细小 ,硬度较高 ,耐磨性较好 ,而锯齿内部仍保持良好的韧性。在采用激光淬火时 ,通过金相检验、有限元模拟并合理选择激光工艺参数和严格控制淬火区域 ,保证了激光淬火的锯片齿尖具有高的耐磨性和抗冲击性能 ,从而不易出现崩齿、断齿和齿尖腐蚀等现象。另外 ,在保证锯齿有良好的锯切性能的同时 ,锯片的振动和稳定性问题也是一个不容忽视的问题。而激光强化可改变锯片的应力分布 ,对锯片的振动特性有很大的影响。激光强化的效果取决于激光的工艺参数 :激光功率和扫描速度。经理论计算和生产实践检验 :通过合理选择激光的工艺参数对锯片进行处理 。

The saw blade often cracks, breaks up or vibrates during sawing steel. Aiming at solving this problem, laser quenching technology is adopted to treat the saw blade teeth instead of the general used heat treating method. because laser quench can make thinner quenched layer, finer crystal grain, higher hardness and better abrasion resistance, and the saw blade teeth can also maintain its good tenacity. When laser treating the saw blade teeth, by using metallography analysis, FEM simulation based on ANSYS, selecting appropriate laser processing parameters and strictly controlling the quenched area of the blade teeth, the saw blades can be got with high abrasion resistance and high impingement resistance, consequently, which will reduce break-up, fracture or tip corrosion of the blade teeth. In addition, for the saw blade itself, besides the better sawing performance, its vibration and stability is still another problem which cannot be neglected. Laser hardening can change the stress distribution of the saw blade body, which is of significant influence on its vibration performance. If the technique is appropriate, which can improve its vibration property and ensure the sawing performance and decrease the noise. The effect of laser treating relies on the laser processing parameters, such as laser power and scanning velocity. Based on theoretical calculation and producing practices, by selecting appropriate laser processing parameters and the technique, the life-cycle of the saw blade can be prolonged and the sawing quality can be well guaranteed.